ขิง
ระบบจะตอบกลับภายใน 24 ชั่วโมง
ขอบคุณสำหรับข้อเสนอแนะและข้อมูลเพิ่มเติม เราจะนำข้อมูลของท่านไปพัฒนาระบบให้ดียิ่งขึ้น
ขิง
ชื่อวิทยาศาสตร์ : Zingiber officinale Roscoe
วงศ์ : Zingiberaceae
ชื่อสามัญ : Ginger
ชื่ออื่น : ขิงแกลง ขิงแดง (จันทบุรี), ขิงเผือก (เชียงใหม่)
Ginger is the dried rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Amomum zingiber L.) (Family Zingiberaceae), Herbarium Specimen Number: BKF 193777, Crude Drug Number: DMSc 1145.
Constituents Ginger contains oleoresin predominantly consisting of gingerols, shogaols and volatile oil. Its volatile oil comprises zingiberene, borneol, geraneol, etc. It also contains fatty acids, starch, etc.
Description of the plant (Figs. 1a, 1b) Perennial herb; pseudostem up to 2 m tall, leafy; subterraneous rhizome branched, thick, fleshy, yellowish inside, strongly aromatic. Leaves simple, alternate, sessile, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 10 to 30 cm long, 1.5 to 3 cm wide, apex acute or acuminate, base obtuse, sheathing; ligule membranous, 2 to 4 mm long, bilobed. Inflorescence arising from rhizome, spike elliptic to oblong, 4 to 9 cm long, 2 to 3 cm wide; peduncle erect, up to 25 cm long, with 5 to 9 green sheaths; bract imbricate, free, green, incurved, globose, obrhombic or obovate, 2 to 3 cm long, 2 to 2.5 cm wide, apex obtuse, glabrous on both sides, cream to creamy yellow on margin and tip, sharp apex tip; bracteole elliptic-oblong, cirrated, 2.5 to 2.8 cm long, 1 to 1.5 cm wide, apex obtuse or teethed, glabrous; corolla tube 3-lobed, 2.2 to 2.5 cm long, glabrous, white, dorsal lobe 1.7 to 1.8 cm long, about 8 mm wide, lateral lobes 1.6 to 1.7 cm long, 4 to 5 mm wide; labellum conspicuously 3-lobed, midlobe rounded or obovate, about 1.6 cm long, 1.3 to 1.4 cm wide, apex truncate or emarginate, dark red with yellow blotches at base, side lobes about 7 mm long, 5 to 6 mm wide, apex acute, dark red with scattered creamy dots; anther about 1 cm long, about 3 mm wide, filament about 3 mm long, flattened, appendage 7 to 9 mm long, apex acute, dark red; stylode unequal, 7 to 8 mm long; ovary inferior, glabrous, 3-loculed, each locule with several ovules. Fruit capsule, oblong. Seeds numerous, blackish, arillate.
Description Odour, characteristic and aromatic; taste, pungent and aromatic
Macroscopical (Fig. 1a) Unpeeled, horizontal, irregularly branched and vary in size. Externally light brown with longitudinal wrinkles and distinct annulated nodes; branched parts usually with remains of scale leaves, apex with stem scars or buds. Texture compact, fibrous; fracture yellowish to brownish.
Microscopical (Figs. 2a, 2b) Transverse section of the rhizome shows epidermis, storied cork, cortex, pseudoendodermis, and vascular bundles. Epidermis, a layer of thin-walled rectangular cells. Storied cork, layers of thin-walled, suberinized rectangular cells. Cortex, thin-walled parenchyma cells containing numerous starch grains and/or oil globules, some of which containing yellow oleoresin. Pseudoendodermis, a layer of small thin-walled rectangular cells. Vascular bundles, scattered in cortex, containing xylem and phloem tissues; vessels, mostly scalariform and reticulate.